The publication "Digital (In)security in Iran" offers an in-depth exploration of the precarious digital environment faced by activists and civil society organizations (CSOs) within the country. The report, based on research conducted between November 2014 and February 2015, presents a unique and detailed analysis of the constraints and challenges that Iranian digital activists encounter. This study, the first of its kind after eight years of suppression, was carried out by Volunteer Activists, a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting democracy, human rights, and peacebuilding in the Middle East, with a specific focus on Iran.

The Iranian government's stringent internet censorship is underscored by its development of the National Information Network (NIN), an isolated Iran-only internet, aimed at exerting tight control over the flow of information. The government’s strategies include not only the development of NIN but also the filtering and blocking of undesirable content and websites, with an increased focus on mobile applications. These measures are designed to prevent cyber opposition and strengthen the state's ability to prosecute digital activists.

Despite these restrictions, the internet remains a vital tool for Iranian citizens and activists, providing a rare means of accessing news and organizing civil resistance. However, this report identifies a critical paradox: while digital technologies are becoming increasingly integral to activism, many users lack the necessary understanding and skills to protect themselves from digital threats. The study highlights a significant gap in ICT knowledge among Iranian activists, particularly in terms of digital security, which is compounded by the challenges of reduced internet speeds, government surveillance, and limited access to essential ICT tools and resources.

The report's findings emphasize the need for comprehensive capacity building in digital security, moving beyond merely technological solutions. It advocates for fostering critical thinking, agility, and creative responses to digital security threats, ensuring that activists can adapt swiftly to the rapidly changing digital landscape in Iran.

The full report, which includes detailed recommendations for enhancing digital security and resilience among Iranian activists, is available for download below.